Introduction: Many studies have demonstrated the accuracy of bedside ultrasound in detecting abdominal aortic aneurysm. Since the majority of these aneurysms occur distal to the renal arteries, it is imperative that the entire abdominal aorta (down to the aortic bifurcation) is visualized. Measurements should be taken across the widest diameter of aorta, from outer […]

  Introduction: Bedside sonography can greatly enhance the evaluation of patients with suspected cholecystitis. Findings of gallstones or a sonographic Murphy sign (maximal tenderness when pressure is applied over the visualized gallbladder) increase the likelihood of cholecystitis. Other sonographic findings which can sometimes be seen include gallbladder wall thickening (greater than 3 to 4mm is […]

Introduction: During the first trimester of pregnancy, evaluation for complaints of lower abdominal pain or vaginal bleeding should include an assessment for ectopic pregnancy. Bedside pelvic ultrasound to detect an intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) can speed this evaluation. When an IUP is visualized, ectopic pregnancy can be ruled out (unless there is suspicion for heterotopic pregnancy). […]

  Introduction: Bedside cardiac ultrasound is useful in the setting of trauma as well as medical illness. The most basic assessments of cardiac activity (or standstill) and the presence of pericardial fluid or tamponade can be made rapidly and alter patient management. Advanced cardiac ultrasound assessments can include a rough estimation of global cardiac contractility […]

  Introduction: The Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (FAST) has been used by emergency physicians and surgeons for decades to diagnose hemoperitoneum and hemopericardium at the bedside. Many studies have demonstrated a good positive predictive value for the test in the setting of blunt torso trauma. Focused Questions: 1. Is there fluid in the […]