tl;dr (<5 minutes) Quantitative end tidal: Partial pressure of CO2 in the gas sample at the end of expiration. You get a numeric value and a wave-form. EtCO2 is typically lower than PaCO2 due to anatomical and pathological dead space. Normal EtCO2 range is about 35-40 mmHg. Role in Intubation: End tidal is used as […]
The Well-Appearing Patient with Acute Dizziness
Posted onLara Silverman MD/MPH, Emergency Medicine PGY3 Dizziness is vague, subjective, and the differential is literally everything from “you’re drunk go home” to life-threatening. Classically, we’re taught that dizziness is separated into 4 categories: vertigo (“room-spinning”), presyncope (“lightheadedness”), disequilibrium (“I feel unbalanced”), and non-specific / other. However, placing a patient in one of these categories relies on a patient’s subjective description […]